Reports
Discussion Papers
No.479 Gender-preferential Intergenerational Patterns in Primary Education Attainment: A Quantitative Analysis of a Case of Rural Mindanao, the Philippines
by OKABE Masayoshi
September 2014
ABSTRACT
The
Philippines
has
achieved
a
relatively
high
standard
of
education.
Previous
researches,
most
of
which
deal
with
Luzon
Island,
have
indicated
that
rural
poverty
alleviation
began
partly
due
to
the
increased
investment
in
education.
However,
the
suburban
areas
beyond
Luzon
Island
have
rarely
been
studied.
This
study
examines
a
case
from
rural
Mindanao,
and
investigates
the
determinants
and
factors
associated
with
children’s
education,
with
a
special
focus
on
delays
in
schooling,
which
may
be
a
cause
of
dropout
and
holdover
incidences,
as
well
as
exploring
gender-specific
differential
patterns.
The
result
shows
that
after
controlling
other
socioeconomic
attributes,
(1)
delays
in
schooling,
as
well
as
years
completed,
are
more
favorable
for
girls
than
boys;
(2)
the
level
of
maternal
education
is
equally
associated
with
the
child(ren)’s
education
level
regardless
of
their
gender;
and
(3)
paternal
education
is
preferentially
and
favorably
influential
to
the
same-gender
child(ren),
i.e.,
son(s).
To
reduce
the
boy-unfriendly
gender
bias
in
primary
education,
this
study
suggests
two
future
tasks,
i.e.,
providing
boy-specific
interventions
to
enhance
the
magnitude
of
the
father-son
educational
virtuous
circle,
and
comparing
the
magnitude
of
gender-equal
maternal
education
influence
and
boy-preferential
paternal
education
influence
to
specify
which
effect
is
larger.
Keywords:
Delays
in
years
of
schooling;
Gender-preferential
and
intergenerational
effect;
Primary
education;
Poverty;
Limited
dependent
variable
regression;
Rural
Mindanao;
The
Philippines
JEL
classification:
I20,
I21,
I24,
I25,
I29,
O53
Please note that discussion papers are works in various stages of progress and most have not been edited and proofread and may contain errors of fact or judgment. Revised versions of these papers may subsequently appear in more formal publication series. The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s). The IDE does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included and accepts no responsibility for any consequences arising from its use.