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Disability and Development in the Middle East
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About this book
About this book
IDE-JETRO conducts research in the field of disability and development from the perspective of the social model of disability rather than the medical model of disability. The social model indicates “disabilities” as the social barriers faced by people with disabilities and considers what kind of society they see as well as what kind of relationships they have built with the state, the community, and other people with disabilities. This book investigates the relationship between people with disabilities and society. First, it looks at the present situation surrounding the implementation of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities as well as the enforcement of disability laws in the Middle East. Next, it reviews the concept of disability in traditional Islamic thought. Then, it examines policies regarding persons with disabilities as well as the present state of organizations for people with disabilities in Lebanon, Iran, Israel, and Turkey. Finally, it reviews international cooperation for and by people with disabilities in the Middle East facilitated by the Japanese International Cooperation Agency.
Contents
Preface
Chapter 1 Introduction to Disability and Development in the Middle East
Author：Soya Mori
Chapter 2 Implementation of UNCRPD and Disability Laws in the Middle East: Formation of Disability Laws and Related Issues
Author：Masayuki Kobayashi
Chapter 3 Historical Analysis of Disability in Islamic Thought
Author：Yuta Komura
Chapter 4 Disabled People’s Organizations and Social Reform in Lebanon
Author：Kozue Nagata
Chapter 5 Employment Status of Deaf and Hard of Hearing People in Iran: From a Questionnaire Survey Conducted at a Meeting of the Association of Deaf Families in Isfahan Province
Author：Sachiko Hosoya
Appendix1 People with Disabilities in Turkey: Education, Employment, and Social Security
Author：Kaoru Murakami
Appendix2 People with Disabilities in Israel and their Rights
Author：Orr Zvika Translated by Soya Mori
Appendix3 JICA’s Role in International Cooperation in the Field of Disability and Development
Author：Mitsuhiro Osaki
Preface
Preface
This book is the result of the study group project “Disability and Development in the Middle East” conducted by the JETRO Institute of Developing Economies between 2019 and 2021. This book adds the Middle East as a new area of research in the field of disability and development that the Institute has explored in the past. As in previous studies, “disability” here refers to the social model of disability rather than the medical/individual model. This perspective emphasizes the fact that the meaning of disability changes with the development of society, rather than focusing on disability as a medical or rehabilitation issue. For this reason, the activities of organizations for and by persons with disabilities are emphasized. The book includes not only a framework for efforts in this area and a discussion of the current state of disability laws in the Middle East but also a chapter analyzing how disability is regarded in Islam, the major religion in the region. Analyses of Lebanon, Iran, Turkey, and Israel are presented, followed by an overview of Japan’s role in international cooperation in the field of disability and development, specifically by the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA).
In addition to chapters written by members of the study group, the book contains contributions from Mika Mohamed Abdelbaky Seifelnasr, who reports on the current state of people with hearing disabilities in Egypt from the perspective of a disabled person living in Japan; Dr. Nawaf Kabbara, who reports on the disability movement in Lebanon; and Harumi Kawagoe, who reports on the activities of Campaign for the Children of Palestine, an NGO working to help children with disabilities in the Palestinian territories.
In a special session at the 33rd Annual Conference of the Japan Society for International Development, Professor Emeritus Eiji Nagasawa of the University of Tokyo, a distinguished researcher of Middle Eastern society, and Professor Takao Toda of Meiji University, a senior leader in JICA’s efforts in the field of disability and development, made favorable remarks regarding our research results. We are grateful to the members of related organizations as well as the sign language interpreters who assisted us in conducting our research and meetings. Finally, we hope that this book will contribute to the development of the field of disability and development in Japan and promote the inclusion of disability in area studies of the Middle East.